Ukuphathwa kwamaminerali kudlala indima ebalulekile embonini yezimayini, kugxilwe ekuhlukaniseni nasekuqhubeni amaminerali anenzuzo kusuka emadwaleni. Inqubo yokuphathwa kwamaminerali ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamaminerali akhiyiwe kodwa futhi inomthelela omkhulu ezingeni lezomnotho kanye nomthelela wezemvelo wokusebenza kwezimayini. Ikakhulukazi kumaminerali anzima—lawo amancane kakhulu futhi anzima ukuwathola—izindlela eziphambili zokuphathwa kwamaminerali ziyadingeka ukuze kukhuliswe amazinga okutholwa futhi kuncishiswe udoti. Kulesi sihloko, sihluza izici eziphelele zokuphathwa kwamaminerali, okubandakanya izindlela zomzimba, izindlela zokuthola amaminerali anzima, ukusetshenziswa kahle kwezinsalela, kanye nezinzuzo zokwamukela ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kule ndawo.

Ukuphathwa kwamaminerali, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuphathwa kwe-ore, kuhilela izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zomzimba neze-chemistry eziklanyelwe ukuhlukanisa amaminerali anenzuzo kusuka ku-gangue noma izinto ezingenasidingo. Le nqubo ibalulekile ekukhiqizeni okuhlanganisiwe kwe-ore okuhlangabezana namazinga emboni ukuze kusetshenzwe kabanzi noma kusetshenziswe ngqo. Ngokubhekene namaminerali anenkani, ukuphathwa kwamaminerali kubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuhle kanye ne-mineralogy eyinkimbinkimbi, okuvame ukubangela ukulahleka phakathi kwezindlela zokuhlukanisa ezijwayelekile. Izinkampani zezimayini zikhangwa kakhulu ukuphathwa kwamaminerali ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-ore, ukuthuthukisa amazinga okubuyisa, nokunciphisa imithelela emvelweni ngokunciphisa i-tailings.

Amaminerali anenkani adinga izindlela ezikhethekile ngaphakathi kwenqubo yokugqoka amaminerali ngoba izinhlayiya zawo ezincane kakhulu zivame ukubaleka ezinhlelweni zokubuyisa ezijwayelekile njengamathebula okudlidliza nezinhlelo zezimbotshana eziboshwe ngoboya. Ukubuyisa ngempumelelo lawa maminerali kunomthelela ngqo ekuthuthukiseni isivuno samaminerali sonke nasekwenzeni ukumosha izinsiza kube kuncane. Ukuqonda inqubo yokugqoka amaminerali kanye nezingqinamba zayo kubalulekile ukuthi imisebenzi yezimayini yesimanje ihlale ikwazi ukuncintisana futhi izinzile.

Izinqubo zomzimba zakha umgogodla wamasu okugqoka amaminerali. Lezi zindlela zisebenzisa umehluko ezakhiweni zomzimba ezifana nokuminyana, ukuthambekela komag netiki, kanye ne-chemistry yendawo ukuhlukanisa amaminerali. Amasu ajwayelekile afaka ukuhlukaniswa ngamandla adonsela phansi, ukuntanta, ukuhlukaniswa komag netiki, kanye nezindlela zikagesi. Ukuhlukaniswa ngamandla adonsela phansi kusebenza kakhulu ezinhlayiyeni ezinkulu, kodwa izinhlelo zendabuko zivame ukulahlekelwa amaminerali anenkani acashile emadoti.

Ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha ekuhlukaniseni ngamandla omkhathi, okuhlanganisa izimbazo ezine-patent nezitulo ezithuthukisiwe, kuye kwathuthukisa kakhulu ukutholwa kwamaminerali amahle. Lezi zinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zenzelwe ukubhekana nezici eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali anzima, ziqinisekisa ukulahleka okuncane. Ngokwesibonelo, izimbazo ezine-patent ze-ALICOCO zenziwe ukuze kukhuliswe ukutholwa kahle kwamaminerali amancane kakhulu namatshe amakhulu ngokuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwamanzi nokusebenza kokuhlukanisa. Ukuqhubeka kobuchwepheshe obunjalo kuvumela imisebenzi yokumba ukuthi ithuthukise izinqubo zayo zokugqoka amatshe futhi izuze izigaba eziphakeme kakhulu.

Ukubuyiselwa kwemaminerali anama-grain aphansi alahlekile emathunjini kudinga ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile bokugqoka imayini obudlula izindlela ezijwayelekile. Izindlela ezifana nokuhlukaniswa kwegravity okwenziwe ngcono kanye nokuhudula ama-particle aphansi seziwusizo kakhulu ekubuyiseleni lezi maminerali abalulekile. Ukusetshenziswa kwamatafula aphakanyisiwe nezinhlelo zokuhudula ezine-felt, nakuba zisebenza kahle kuma-particle amakhulu, kuvame ukuholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwemaminerali aphansi anokubambezeleka, okwakha emathunjini.

Ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga, ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokugqoka imayini bugxile ekubuyiseleni ama-particle aphansi ngokomzimba ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali amaningi. I-ALICOCO Mineral Technology Co., Limited, isibonelo, ithuthukise imishini eqondile kulezi maminerali anokubambezeleka, ikhuphula amazinga okubuyisela futhi yehlisa ivolumu yamathunjini. Le ndlela ayikhuphuli kuphela imiphumela yezezimali kodwa futhi inciphisa ubungozi bemvelo obuhambisana nokulahla amathunjini.

Ukuphathwa kwezimbiwa ezisetshenzisiwe kubalulekile ekuphathweni kwezimbiwa ngoba lezi zimbiwa zimelela inani elikhulu lodoti olungaba yingozi emvelweni. Ukuphathwa kahle kwezimbiwa kuhlose ukunciphisa izimbiwa ezisetshenzisiwe ngokukhulisa ukutholwa kwezimbiwa. Ukugaywa kabusha kwezimbiwa ezisetshenzisiwe ngokuzicubungula kabusha kungathola izimbiwa eziyigugu ezengeziwe, siguqule udoti ube yinsiza.

Amasu athuthukisiwe okucubungula amaminerali avumela ukutholwa kwamaminerali acashile angatholakali kalula angalahleka. Lokhu akunciphisi nje kuphela umthelela omubi wezimayini emvelweni kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza. Izenzo zezimayini ezisimeme zihlanganisa lezi zindlela zokuthola ukuze zihambisane nemithetho yemvelo nezinjongo zokuzibophezela komphakathi. Ngokuthuthukisa ukucubungula amatshe, izinkampani zinganciphisa izindleko zokulahla kanye nezingozi zemvelo.

Ukwamukela amasu athuthukisiwe okucubungula amaminerali kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi kwezomnotho, ezemvelo, nezobuchwepheshe. Ngokomnotho, ukutholwa okuthuthukisiwe kwamaminerali acashile kwandisa inzuzo ngokuthola izinsimbi eziyigugu kakhulu kusuka kuwo amatshe afanayo. Lokhu kuguqulela ekukhiqizeni okwengeziwe kanye nezindleko zokucubungula ezincishisiwe.

Ngokwemvelo, ukunciphisa ivolumu yamatshe okugugulekayo kunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo wokusebenza kwezimayini. Izindlela zokuthola izinto ezisebenza kahle zinciphisa isidingo sezindawo ezintsha zezimayini futhi zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuhlobene nokucubungula amatshe. Ngobuchwepheshe, imishini ethuthukisiwe njengezitebhisi eziyimfihlo ezivela ku-ALICOCO inikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ekwakhiweni nasezintweni, eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukuphatha izinhlayiya zamaminerali ezinhle neziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obunjalo obusezingeni eliphezulu kuphinde kukhuthaze ukuthobela izindinganiso eziqinile zemvelo, kukhuthaze izindlela zokumbiwa kwezimayini ezisimeme. Izinkampani zezimayini ezitshala kulezi zixazululo zizibeka njengezihola ekuthuthukisweni kwezinsiza ezinomthwalo wemfanelo.

Izicelo eziningana eziphumelelayo zokugqoka amaminerali ezithuthukisiwe zibonisa izinzuzo zazo ezisebenzayo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-ALICOCO iye yaqala amaphrojekthi lapho ubuchwepheshe bayo be-spiral chute buye bathuthukisa kakhulu amazinga okubuyisa igolide, i-hematite, ne-tin ngokucubungula kahle amaminerali amahle angenziwa kalula. Lezi zimo zibonisa ukuncishiswa kokulahla kwemidibi nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yokugxilisa, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo ezikhethekile zokugqoka amaminerali.

Amaphrofayili ayo yonke iphrojekthi nemiphumela iyatholakala ku-Izimoikhasi lewebhusayithi ye-ALICOCO, elikhombisa izimo zangempela lapho ukugqoka amaminerali okuthuthukisiwe kuthuthukise imisebenzi yokumba. Lezi zibonelo zinikeza imininingwane ebalulekile yokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokugqoka amaminerali obuqondisiwe bungaxazulula kanjani izinselelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ekucubunguleni amaminerali.

Ikusasa lokugqoka amaminerali lihlose izindlela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ezinobungani nemvelo, kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe. Amathrendi asafufusa ahlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo zokuzenzakalela kanye nokuqapha kwedijithali ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugqoka inhlabathi ngesikhathi sangempela. Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokufunda komshini kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukise ukulawulwa kwenqubo kanye nokugcinwa okubikezelayo, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwemishini kanye namazinga okubuyisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo ngobuchwepheshe obusha bokuhlukanisa ngokomzimba amaminerali amahle kakhulu futhi ayinkimbinkimbi luyathuthuka. Izinkampani ezifana ne-ALICOCO ziyaqhubeka nokwenza izinto ezintsha ekwakhiweni kwezitebhisi ezijikelezayo nemishini yokuhlukanisa ngamandla omzimba ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziguqukayo zemboni yokumba. Ukuguqukela ezindleleni zokumba ezisimeme kuzophinde kusheshise ukwamukelwa kwezindlela zokugqoka amaminerali ezinciphisa udoti nomthelela kwezemvelo.

Amasu asezindaweni zokucubungula amaminerali asebenza kahle ezindaweni eziyinqaba ezibalulekile emayini yesimanje ukuze kutholwe izinsiza eziningi, kuncishiswe udoti, futhi kusekelwe izindlela ezisimeme. Inqubo yokucubungula amaminerali, uma ithuthukiswe ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokuhlukanisa ngokomzimba, ivumela imisebenzi yezimayini ukuthi ithole amaminerali amancane kakhulu ongawatholi ngezindlela zakudala. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Alicoco Mineral Technology Co., Limited zihamba phambili ekuthuthukiseni izixazululo ezintsha ezifana ne-spiral chutes enelungelo lobunikazi ezithuthukisa amazinga okuthola futhi zinciphise izinsalela.

Ngokwamukela ukugqoka amaminerali athuthukisiwe, imboni yokumba ingafinyelela imiphumela engcono yezenotho ngenkathi inciphisa iminwe yezemvelo. Ngeminye imininingwane ngemishini esezingeni eliphezulu yokucubungula amaminerali nezixazululo ezintsha zokubuyisa, vakashela i-Ikhaya kanye no-Mayelana Nathi amakhasi e-ALICOCO Mineral Technology Co., Limited. Lezi zinsiza zinikeza ulwazi olujulile futhi zibonisa ukuthi ukuphathwa kahle kwezimbiwa kunomthelela kanjani ekusebenzeni kwezimayini okuzinzile futhi okuzuzisa.