Ukwemba insimbi kuyaqhubeka nokuba yisisekelo somnotho wezimboni emhlabeni wonke, okushukumiswa isidingo esiqhubekayo sokukhiqizwa kwensimbi nentuthuko yengqalasizinda. Izinto zakamuva ezithinta ukwemba insimbi zigxile ekwenzeni izinto ezintsha ngobuchwepheshe, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokusimama. Ukuqhubeka okufana nokuzenzakalela, ukubona izinto ukude, kanye nezindlela ezintsha zokucubungula amaminerali kuguqula lo mkhakha. Izinkampani ziya ngokuya zamukela amathuluzi edijithali ukwenza ngcono ukukhipha nokucubungula, ukunciphisa izindleko ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ukuphepha nokuhambisana nemithetho yezemvelo. Lezi zinto ezintsha azigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza kodwa futhi zisiza ukubhekana nezinselelo ezifana nokwehla kwezinga le-ore kanye nemithetho yezemvelo.

Isidingo samatshe ensimbi eliphakeme sisavumelana kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisakhula ezitshala imali kakhulu ezakhiweni nasemikhiqizweni. Izifunda ezicebile ezimayini zamatshe ensimbi njengeSimandou eGuinea kanye nemayini iSishen eNingizimu Afrika zibalulekile ekuhlinzekeni. Imboni iphinde ibone ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kwabakhiqizi abakhulu bamatshe ensimbi emhlabeni, okuthinta izinto zemakethe nokutshalwa kwezimali kubuchwepheshe obusha bemigodi. Njengoba umkhakha wokumba amatshe ensimbi usathuthuka, ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu nemikhuba esimeme kubalulekile ukugcina ukuncintisana nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zesikhathi esizayo.

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yensimbi eluhlaza (iron ore) ibonakala ngamanani ashintshashintshayo athonywa izidingo nezokunikezwa, izinto zezombangazwe, nezinqubomgomo zezohwebo. Abakhiqizi abakhulu njenge-Australia, i-Brazil, ne-China bahamba phambili emakethe, kanti izindawo ezintsha zezimayela ezifana ne-Simandou ziba namandla ngenxa yokuba namatshe anensimbi eluhlaza esezingeni eliphezulu. Imayela i-Sishen nayo ihlala ibalulekile, inikela kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwensimbi eluhlaza kwe-South Africa. Imakethe iqhutshwa yizimo zokukhiqizwa kwensimbi, lapho izinguquko ezibheke ezinhlotsheni zensimbi ezithuthukisiwe zithinta izidingo zensimbi eluhlaza.

Ukuhlaziywa kwemakethe kwakamuva kugqamisa intshisekelo ekhulayo ku-iron ore esezingeni eliphezulu ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kukagesi ekwenzeni insimbi. Lo mkhuba ugqugquzela utshalomali kubuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa izinto ezithuthukisa ikhwalithi ye-ore. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphrojekthi ezisekelo zomphakathi emhlabeni wonke aqhubeka nokukhulisa isidingo esikhathini esifushane kuya esimaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, izinselelo ezifana nemithetho yezemvelo kanye nobudlelwano nomphakathi ziya ngokuya zibumba imisebenzi yokumba. Ukuqonda lezi zimo zemakethe kusiza ababambiqhaza ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana notshalomali kanye nezinye izinto ezibalulekile ekumbeni kwe-iron ore.

I-广州市银鸥选矿科技有限公司 isihamba phambili ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bokwemba insimbi, inikeza imishini yesimanje nezixazululo zokucubungula eziklanyelwe ukwandisa ukutholwa nokusebenza kahle. Imishini yabo ethuthukisiwe yokuhlukanisa ngamandla adonsela phansi ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi be-spiral chute, obuthuthukisa ukuhlukaniswa kwemaminerali ngokusebenzisa amandla amancane kanye namazinga aphezulu okutholwa. Lobu buchwepheshe busebenza kahle kakhulu ekucubunguleni izimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi, kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ethunyelwa ukusetshenziswa kwesigaba esilandelayo.

Uhlu lomkhiqizo lwenkampani luhlanganisa izixazululo ezenziwe ngendlela efanele ezihambisana nokwakheka kwezimbiwa ezithile nezidingo zokusebenza zezimayini ezifana nalezo ezitholakala eSimandou noma emayini yaseSishen. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe babo, abaqhubi bezimayini bangathuthukisa izinqubo zokuthuthukisa, banciphise udoti, futhi banciphise izindleko zokusebenza. I-广州市银鸥选矿科技有限公司 iphinde ihlinzeke ngensizakalo ephelele yangemuva kokuthengisa kanye nokwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe, iqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okungenazinkinga kwemishini emisha kanye nokugcinwa kwezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.

Amaphrojekthi amaningana asanda kwenzeka abonisa umthelela wokuguqula wobuchwepheshe bokumba banamuhla. Icala elilodwa elibalulekile lahlanganisa umgodi eWest Africa lapho ubuchwepheshe be-spiral chute be-广州市银鸥选矿科技有限公司 bathuthukisa isigaba se-iron ore concentrate ngaphezu kuka-15%, kwandisa kakhulu inzuzo. Ngokufanayo, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza emgodini we-iron eNingizimu Afrika obekuhloswe ngaso isikali somgodi iSishen kubonise ukuthuthukiswa kwezinga lokubuyisa kanye nokuncishiswa kwevolumu yamatshe, okugcizelela izinzuzo zemvelo.

Lezi zifundo zibeka ekukhanyeni inani lokuhlanganisa imishini ethuthukisiwe yokucubungula amaminerali emayeleni ensimbi. Ukuphumelela kwezicelo kubuye kubonise ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bungabhekana kanjani nezinselelo ezifana nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lamaminerali kanye nokwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwamaminerali. Izinkampani zezimayela ezamukela lezi zinto ezintsha zithole inzuzo yokuncintisana ngokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza, nokuthuthukisa ukuthobela izindinganiso eziqinile zemvelo.

Ukwaziswa okuzinzile emayeleni ensimbi kube ugxiliso olubalulekile, olushukunyiswa izidingo zomthetho kanye nokulindela komphakathi. Izinkampani ziyanda ukwamukela izindlela zemayela ezinobungani nemvelo, izindlela zokunciphisa imfucuza, kanye neziqalo zokonga amanzi. Ubuchwepheshe obuvela kubasunguli njenge-广州市银鸥选矿科技有限公司 buhlinzeka ngokuvumela amazinga aphezulu okuthola, anciphisa umthamo wezinsalela zemfucuza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela ezifana nokulungisa izindawo zemayela ngokuqhubekayo, ukulawula ukukhishwa, kanye nokubandakanya umphakathi kube izindinganiso zemboni. Amayela ezindaweni ezinkulu ezifaka iSimandou neSishen ayasebenzisa lezi zindlela ukunciphisa umthelela wawo emvelweni. Ukuzibophezela komkhakha wensimbi ekwazisweni akusizi nje kuphela ukugcina imvelo kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa isithunzi senkampani kanye nokwenzeka okuzinzile kokusebenza isikhathi eside.

Sibheke phambili, kulindeleke ukuthi umkhakha wokumba amatshe ayinsimbi uqhubeke nokuguquguquka ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha nokuhlanganiswa kokusimama. Izibikezelo zesidingo zihlala zinhle, zishukunyiswa ukuthuthukiswa kwezisekelo zengqalasizinda kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha obudinga izinhlobo ezikhethekile zensimbi. Ukuzenzakalela kanye nokubeka idijithali kuzoba okubanzi kakhulu, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezisebenzi kanye nokuphepha.

Izinkampani ezifana ne-广州市银鸥选矿科技有限公司 zilungile ukuba zibe nendima ebalulekile kuleli khusasa ngokuhlinzeka ngezixazululo ezithuthukisiwe zokucubungula amaminerali ezihambisana nezinjongo zemvelo kanye nezidingo zomnotho. Abakhiqizi abakhulu bamatshe ayinsimbi emhlabeni cishe bazokwandisa utshalomali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni ukuze bagcine ubuholi babo ngenkathi behlangabezana nesidingo somhlaba ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kuthembisa umkhakha wokumba amatshe ayinsimbi osebenza kahle futhi oqaphela imvelo.

Ngokufingqa, ukumbiwa kwensimbi kuyadlula ekuguqukeni okukhulu okushukumiswa imfuno yemakethe, ubuchwepheshe obusha, nezidingo zokusimama. Ukuqhubeka kwemishini yokumbiwa nezindlela zokucubungula, njengalezo ezinikezwa yi-广州市银鸥选矿科技有限公司, kuletha amathuba amakhulu kubasebenzi ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza, ukwehlisa izindleko, nokuthuthukisa umthelela wabo kwezemvelo. Ngamasayithi amakhulu okumbiwa njengeSimandou neSishen asetha amazinga aphezulu, ukuhlanganisa lezi zinto ezintsha kubalulekile empumelelweni.

Amakhasimende angase abe khona anentshisekelo yokusebenzisa izixazululo eziphambili zokumba i-iron ore ayakhuthazwa ukuthi ahlole izipesheli zomkhiqizo eziphelele kanye nokwesekwa kochwepheshe okunikezwa yi-广州市银鸥选矿科技有限公司. Ngeminye imininingwane ngobuchwepheshe bokucubungula amaminerali nokuthola ukuthi lezi zinto ezintsha zingazuzisa kanjani imisebenzi yakho yokumba, sicela uvakashele i-Imikhiqizo ikhasi. Ngemibuzo kanye nokubonisana komuntu siqu, i-Xhumana-1 ikhasi liyatholakala ukwenza lula ukuxhumana nabachwepheshe abakulungele ukusiza.